Fred Phelps

Fred Waldron Phelps Sr. (November 13, 1929 – March 19, 2014) was an American clergyman and former attorney notable for his controversial role as the pastor of the Westboro Baptist Church, an organization infamous for its extreme views and actions. Phelps, who had his law license revoked, gained national attention for leading protests that often targeted LGBTQ+ individuals, military funerals, and various social issues, which he and his congregation condemned.

Under his leadership, Westboro Baptist Church became recognized for its provocative slogans and picketing, including the notorious mantra "God Hates Fags." These actions sparked widespread outrage and legal challenges, culminating in several high-profile Supreme Court cases that addressed the boundaries of free speech and hate speech.

Phelps's unwavering commitment to his beliefs, despite widespread condemnation, made him a polarizing figure in American society. He authored several writings that outlined his religious and ideological views, further establishing the church's stance on various issues. His legacy remains contentious, as many view him as a symbol of hate, while others argue for the protection of his freedom of expression. Fred Phelps's life and actions continue to provoke debate over the intersection of religion, law, and human rights in contemporary America.