Osama bin Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden was the architect behind al-Qaeda, the militant group infamous for orchestrating the September 11 attacks in 2001, as well as various other attacks targeting both civilians and military personnel. Born into the affluent bin Laden family of Saudi Arabia, he possessed Yemeni Kindite heritage. His actions led him to become a notorious figure, featured on the FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives and Most Wanted Terrorists lists, particularly due to his involvement in the 1998 bombings of U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania.
From the onset of the War on Terror in 2001 until his demise in 2011, bin Laden was a central figure in global terrorism, with the U.S. government placing a $25 million bounty on his head. Throughout his time in hiding, he evaded capture through three different U.S. presidential administrations. His life came to a violent end on May 2, 2011, when U.S. Navy SEALs and CIA operatives executed a covert mission at his compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan, following a directive from President Barack Obama. After his death, bin Laden was buried at sea, and al-Qaeda confirmed his passing on May 6, 2011, promising retaliation against the U.S. for the operation that concluded his life.
